Introduction
Diversity refers to the fact that every person has different nature and characteristics, making him unique, but it tells that no discriminatory treatment should be made based on this. Anti-discriminatory practise and anti-oppressive practice are annihilating any types of unjust practice. Individuals with different characteristics have different needs and expectations. The task of health care services is to provide treatment based on the unique needs of the users. In order to provide specific treatment to specific users, person-centred care has come to light. Any user of person-centred care can be different, but it is important to provide treatment as per his needs to be cured fast.
1.1 Describing diversity, anti-oppressive practice and anti-discriminatory practice
Diversity: People are different in terms of race, gender, religion, norms, social condition etc. Diversity refers to those differences and shows that every person is unique from others (Ozbilgin, 2014). Again, it helps make a more flexible culture where the participation and contribution of everybody will be projected regardless of their differences.
Anti-discriminatory practise: Anti-discriminatory practice is the process of ensuring equality by removing any types of discrimination as per religion, race, complexion, physical ability etc. Anti-discriminatory practice ensures that everyone is getting the same treatment and no one is excluded from the treatment (First Steps, 2016).
Anti-oppressive practice: The practice of fair or balanced treatment with no dominance over others is known as anti-oppressive practice. In this practice, oppressive behaviour gets rejected by individuals, and they get valued with equality and nondiscrimination. Principles of care and a person-centred approach are widely used in this practice (Clifford, 2012).
1.2 Necessity of respecting and recognising the heritage of individual
The heritage of an individual consists of the nature and past life of the individual. Heritage makes a person unique based on the characteristics, environment, and experiences (IDEA, 2016). Understanding the heritage of any person will make it easier to know about his feelings, likes, dislikes, lacking etc., and in this way, we will be able to realise a person better. If we can realise a person better, we can act better with them, which will make them feel comfortable and be themselves (Khan, 2010).
Recognising and respecting an individual’s heritage is very important because it helps us show respect for an individual’s characteristics, cultures, dresses, and many more. Again, it makes a person valuable, positive and adaptable to society by making him relaxed and accepted (Maret, 2011). If we respect one’s heritage, he will feel free and independent and thus, he will be willing to make relations with others.
1.3 Reason behind oppression and discrimination with dementia individual
People with dementia are not qualified to make better decisions for themselves or communicate with others properly because they don’t have a properly functioning brain. For this lack, others tend to make them deprived of their human rights. Since they don’t have proper communication skills, they can’t afford proper treatment from others, leading to more discriminatory problems. Again, most people with dementia are of higher age, so they also suffer from age discrimination. Persons familiar with dementia can cope with the patients, but those who are not experienced with dementia are unaware of how to behave with them in certain situations. Another reason behind the discrimination or oppression of the patients is that they feel weak and dependent, so they don’t want to argue with any issue (Kahn, 2010). Thus a person with dementia can be discriminated against and oppressed, which will make him more isolated from society.
1.4 Ways of challenging oppressive and discrimination practice
The proper way to challenge discrimination and oppressive practice is through education. If we all are aware of discrimination and oppressive practice and how not to do this practice, we will challenge this practice. According to the concept of diversity, everyone is unique, so thinking everyone the same and treating all with the same treatment is wrong. Treating individuals the right way is one of the major concerning areas while challenging discrimination and oppressive practice. Specific codes and procedures can be made and implemented so that everyone can act as per equality and diversity requirements (Ozbilgin, 2014). Everyone wants to be treated well with dignity and honour, so making a custom that ensures proper respect for all will be a better solution. Again, for dealing with people with dementia, we need to show more flexible behaviour with them to feel more assertive by themselves. Providing quality training to the care staff can also be helpful in this matter (Study.com, 2016).
2.1 Significance of identifying unique and specific needs of an individual
In order to have accurate knowledge about any individual, it is very important to identify his specific and unique needs. Without knowing about an individual, it is impossible to communicate or respond properly to the needs or requirements. Different types of needs arise for different types of people. That’s why to ensure appropriate support and care for different people, identifying specific needs is necessary (First Steps, 2016). For example, one dementia patient needs a more flexible environment, where others need a rigid environment. But providing the same rigid environment for all can cause more problems for the patient. So, in order to meet a specific person’s needs, knowing about his specific needs is important. Making unfair treatment with the wrong prescription, medicine, and equipment can only worsen, whereas proper treatment can cure him (Evans, 2016).
2.2 Distinction of the experience between individuals with dementia acquired as a younger person and older person
Most dementia individuals are aged more than 65, where the rate of younger people is very low. Problems an older person faces are not always the same as a younger person. Older patients are generally weak in nature and love to stay indoors, where younger patients are strong by nature and tend to play outdoors (Iacobucci, 2015). In most cases, younger patients are more aware of their disease than the older, which is also a significant issue for treatment. Most of the patients are older in the care centres, so they generally have the same needs and satisfaction type. That’s why health care centres are older and patient-oriented. So, younger patients don’t get a compatible environment for themselves where they can feel comfortable. Another important issue is that younger people can have more social impact on family, friends and relatives.
2.3 The impact on careers by the experience of dementia individual
Sometimes, carers find satisfaction from the mental point, but most of them face short-term and long-term physical and mental problems. Almost all the carers find some problematic issues with their health and generally get exhausted emotionally. Some little mental problems occur within the first year of the service (Clifford, 2012). They feel the presence of distress and anger in their behaviour, so they tend to remain lonely and live within their own house (Nhs. UK, 2016). Old carers sometimes need to face long-term treatment, even an operation. Losing person-centred behaviour and detachment from the social circle are the most common problems faced by the carers. Careers are detached from their relationship even some of them face problems in relations with their parents and children (Hughes et al., 2010).
2.4 Dissimilarity of the dementia experience with individuals of different ethnic backgrounds, learning disability and at life’s end
Dementia can affect persons differently regarding their conditions. Learning disabled persons are more prone to develop dementia, significantly the younger. Nevertheless, they don’t feel the necessity of diagnosis or talking to care centres early. They are not likely to take any proper decision and are more affected (Society, 2016).
Again, persons from different ethnic backgrounds suffer more early-stage problems because they are ignorant of it most of the time, so they don’t go for the diagnosis. Even they might have some different religious beliefs (Study.com, 2016). They also face problems with language and communication, so in some cases, they need an interpreter.
Persons at life’s end may not even realise that they are suffering from some new problems because they already suffer from other health problems (Peloso, 2011). They might not be able to make any proper decisions when they are dependent on others; thus, they can even die without proper treatment.
3.1 Describing the process of supporting a person centre working with the legislation and policy by governments.
Person-centred working is being supported by government policies and legislations because it is bringing some benefits to the users of it, and it is being regulated in certain ways. The program, which is fixed for the person centre working, is full of enriched opportunities and innovations in modern treatment (First Steps, 2016). It is based on the inclusion principle and is permitted to have care within their own home. But it follows necessary restrictions such as the training of staff is compulsory to provide the best care and make the care effective in every way. For dementia, it follows some strategic factors which are relevant to the specific needs of individuals. The communication system within this is also suitable for a better understanding of one another (Maret, 2011).
3.2 Clarifying how the unique and specific needs of individuals are met at the person-centred working
As per the principle of diversity, all persons are different and have different characteristics. Person-centred working requires finding out individual needs to provide accurate service. Again, it follows some procedures to find our individual’s unique needs (Ozbilgin, 2014). The main task of person-centred work is to value individuals as separate or unique ones so that all individuals’ individualities become visible to the care (IDEA, 2016). Ensuring the way of keeping social relationships and enabling patient choice is a major way of understanding their behaviour. Again, recognising individuality contains a trial method by which all types of environment are provided to the user, and the best-fitted environment is chosen for him. These methods help ensure that the unique and specific individual needs are met with person-centred working service.
3.3 Understanding method of person-centred care principles for the carers and others of individual
Person-centred care is the care where health care services are provided based on the expectations and needs of users by deciding the care process by the users or guardians of them. There should be many persons who understand person-centred care to make the care process more effective, and those persons shall include care workers, managers, social workers, nurses, psychiatrists, health advocates, etc. In order to help them understand person-centred care, they can be provided with adequate training facilities where all the aspects of it will be elaborately covered (Hughes et al., 2010). The process of monitoring and observing can also help them to a large extent. Staff meetings, as well as tutoring, will be able to help different persons in understanding the concept of person-centred health care. The provision of connecting one another with networking systems can also help in this aspect.
3.4 Practical Process of maintaining the identity of dementia individual
The best part of the treatment of a dementia patient is to maintain their identity. In order to make a person remember his identity, many steps are followed. One of the most important steps is to tell the story of his life to him to have the opportunity to memorise them. Personality profiling is also a critical step for a dementia patient. Helping him in maintaining good health can recover some of his mental abilities too. The care process should be made in a very organised manner, which will create a good communication flow with others and help maintain good relationships. Showing the patients that they are valuable by listening, caring and complimenting them will be helpful for better treatment (Society, 2016). Some procedures for doing creative activities for users can also be very much oriented for them in maintaining their identity.
Conclusion
Ensuring the rights and anti-discriminatory practice for everyone has become a significant issue. But it is not an easy thing to do, especially for dementia patients, because they don’t know what is right or wrong for them or even how to communicate with others. Again, all of them have unique needs, so it is complicated for the health care centres to provide the proper treatment for all. Using some standard procedures and strategy can help person-centred care provide necessary services for each of the users.
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